America The Beautiful

Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People United States Capitol Washington, D.C. View the President's Remarks Listen to the President's Remarks 9:00 P.M. EDT September 20, 2001 THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Speaker, Mr. President Pro Tempore, members of Congress, and fellow Americans: In the normal course of events, Presidents come to this chamber to report on the state of the Union. Tonight, no such report is needed. It has already been delivered by the American people. We have seen it in the courage of passengers, who rushed terrorists to save others on the ground -- passengers like an exceptional man named Todd Beamer. And would you please help me to welcome his wife, Lisa Beamer, here tonight. (Applause.) We have seen the state of our Union in the endurance of rescuers, working past exhaustion. We have seen the unfurling of flags, the lighting of candles, the giving of blood, the saying of prayers -- in English, Hebrew, and Arabic. We have seen the decency of a loving and giving people who have made the grief of strangers their own. My fellow citizens, for the last nine days, the entire world has seen for itself the state of our Union -- and it is strong. (Applause.) Tonight we are a country awakened to danger and called to defend freedom. Our grief has turned to anger, and anger to resolution. Whether we bring our enemies to justice, or bring justice to our enemies, justice will be done. (Applause.) I thank the Congress for its leadership at such an important time. All of America was touched on the evening of the tragedy to see Republicans and Democrats joined together on the steps of this Capitol, singing "God Bless America." And you did more than sing; you acted, by delivering $40 billion to rebuild our communities and meet the needs of our military. Speaker Hastert, Minority Leader Gephardt, Majority Leader Daschle and Senator Lott, I thank you for your friendship, for your leadership and for your service to our country. (Applause.) And on behalf of the American people, I thank the world for its outpouring of support. America will never forget the sounds of our National Anthem playing at Buckingham Palace, on the streets of Paris, and at Berlin's Brandenburg Gate. We will not forget South Korean children gathering to pray outside our embassy in Seoul, or the prayers of sympathy offered at a mosque in Cairo. We will not forget moments of silence and days of mourning in Australia and Africa and Latin America. Nor will we forget the citizens of 80 other nations who died with our own: dozens of Pakistanis; more than 130 Israelis; more than 250 citizens of India; men and women from El Salvador, Iran, Mexico and Japan; and hundreds of British citizens. America has no truer friend than Great Britain. (Applause.) Once again, we are joined together in a great cause -- so honored the British Prime Minister has crossed an ocean to show his unity of purpose with America. Thank you for coming, friend. (Applause.) On September the 11th, enemies of freedom committed an act of war against our country. Americans have known wars -- but for the past 136 years, they have been wars on foreign soil, except for one Sunday in 1941. Americans have known the casualties of war -- but not at the center of a great city on a peaceful morning. Americans have known surprise attacks -- but never before on thousands of civilians. All of this was brought upon us in a single day -- and night fell on a different world, a world where freedom itself is under attack. Americans have many questions tonight. Americans are asking: Who attacked our country? The evidence we have gathered all points to a collection of loosely affiliated terrorist organizations known as al Qaeda. They are the same murderers indicted for bombing American embassies in Tanzania and Kenya, and responsible for bombing the USS Cole. Al Qaeda is to terror what the mafia is to crime. But its goal is not making money; its goal is remaking the world -- and imposing its radical beliefs on people everywhere. The terrorists practice a fringe form of Islamic extremism that has been rejected by Muslim scholars and the vast majority of Muslim clerics -- a fringe movement that perverts the peaceful teachings of Islam. The terrorists' directive commands them to kill Christians and Jews, to kill all Americans, and make no distinction among military and civilians, including women and children. This group and its leader -- a person named Osama bin Laden -- are linked to many other organizations in different countries, including the Egyptian Islamic Jihad and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. There are thousands of these terrorists in more than 60 countries. They are recruited from their own nations and neighborhoods and brought to camps in places like Afghanistan, where they are trained in the tactics of terror. They are sent back to their homes or sent to hide in countries around the world to plot evil and destruction. The leadership of al Qaeda has great influence in Afghanistan and supports the Taliban regime in controlling most of that country. In Afghanistan, we see al Qaeda's vision for the world. Afghanistan's people have been brutalized -- many are starving and many have fled. Women are not allowed to attend school. You can be jailed for owning a television. Religion can be practiced only as their leaders dictate. A man can be jailed in Afghanistan if his beard is not long enough. The United States respects the people of Afghanistan -- after all, we are currently its largest source of humanitarian aid -- but we condemn the Taliban regime. (Applause.) It is not only repressing its own people, it is threatening people everywhere by sponsoring and sheltering and supplying terrorists. By aiding and abetting murder, the Taliban regime is committing murder. And tonight, the United States of America makes the following demands on the Taliban: Deliver to United States authorities all the leaders of al Qaeda who hide in your land. (Applause.) Release all foreign nationals, including American citizens, you have unjustly imprisoned. Protect foreign journalists, diplomats and aid workers in your country. Close immediately and permanently every terrorist training camp in Afghanistan, and hand over every terrorist, and every person in their support structure, to appropriate authorities. (Applause.) Give the United States full access to terrorist training camps, so we can make sure they are no longer operating. These demands are not open to negotiation or discussion. (Applause.) The Taliban must act, and act immediately. They will hand over the terrorists, or they will share in their fate. I also want to speak tonight directly to Muslims throughout the world. We respect your faith. It's practiced freely by many millions of Americans, and by millions more in countries that America counts as friends. Its teachings are good and peaceful, and those who commit evil in the name of Allah blaspheme the name of Allah. (Applause.) The terrorists are traitors to their own faith, trying, in effect, to hijack Islam itself. The enemy of America is not our many Muslim friends; it is not our many Arab friends. Our enemy is a radical network of terrorists, and every government that supports them. (Applause.) Our war on terror begins with al Qaeda, but it does not end there. It will not end until every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped and defeated. (Applause.) Americans are asking, why do they hate us? They hate what we see right here in this chamber -- a democratically elected government. Their leaders are self-appointed. They hate our freedoms -- our freedom of religion, our freedom of speech, our freedom to vote and assemble and disagree with each other. They want to overthrow existing governments in many Muslim countries, such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan. They want to drive Israel out of the Middle East. They want to drive Christians and Jews out of vast regions of Asia and Africa. These terrorists kill not merely to end lives, but to disrupt and end a way of life. With every atrocity, they hope that America grows fearful, retreating from the world and forsaking our friends. They stand against us, because we stand in their way. We are not deceived by their pretenses to piety. We have seen their kind before. They are the heirs of all the murderous ideologies of the 20th century. By sacrificing human life to serve their radical visions -- by abandoning every value except the will to power -- they follow in the path of fascism, and Nazism, and totalitarianism. And they will follow that path all the way, to where it ends: in history's unmarked grave of discarded lies. (Applause.) Americans are asking: How will we fight and win this war? We will direct every resource at our command -- every means of diplomacy, every tool of intelligence, every instrument of law enforcement, every financial influence, and every necessary weapon of war -- to the disruption and to the defeat of the global terror network. This war will not be like the war against Iraq a decade ago, with a decisive liberation of territory and a swift conclusion. It will not look like the air war above Kosovo two years ago, where no ground troops were used and not a single American was lost in combat. Our response involves far more than instant retaliation and isolated strikes. Americans should not expect one battle, but a lengthy campaign, unlike any other we have ever seen. It may include dramatic strikes, visible on TV, and covert operations, secret even in success. We will starve terrorists of funding, turn them one against another, drive them from place to place, until there is no refuge or no rest. And we will pursue nations that provide aid or safe haven to terrorism. Every nation, in every region, now has a decision to make. Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists. (Applause.) From this day forward, any nation that continues to harbor or support terrorism will be regarded by the United States as a hostile regime. Our nation has been put on notice: We are not immune from attack. We will take defensive measures against terrorism to protect Americans. Today, dozens of federal departments and agencies, as well as state and local governments, have responsibilities affecting homeland security. These efforts must be coordinated at the highest level. So tonight I announce the creation of a Cabinet-level position reporting directly to me -- the Office of Homeland Security. And tonight I also announce a distinguished American to lead this effort, to strengthen American security: a military veteran, an effective governor, a true patriot, a trusted friend -- Pennsylvania's Tom Ridge. (Applause.) He will lead, oversee and coordinate a comprehensive national strategy to safeguard our country against terrorism, and respond to any attacks that may come. These measures are essential. But the only way to defeat terrorism as a threat to our way of life is to stop it, eliminate it, and destroy it where it grows. (Applause.) Many will be involved in this effort, from FBI agents to intelligence operatives to the reservists we have called to active duty. All deserve our thanks, and all have our prayers. And tonight, a few miles from the damaged Pentagon, I have a message for our military: Be ready. I've called the Armed Forces to alert, and there is a reason. The hour is coming when America will act, and you will make us proud. (Applause.) This is not, however, just America's fight. And what is at stake is not just America's freedom. This is the world's fight. This is civilization's fight. This is the fight of all who believe in progress and pluralism, tolerance and freedom. We ask every nation to join us. We will ask, and we will need, the help of police forces, intelligence services, and banking systems around the world. The United States is grateful that many nations and many international organizations have already responded -- with sympathy and with support. Nations from Latin America, to Asia, to Africa, to Europe, to the Islamic world. Perhaps the NATO Charter reflects best the attitude of the world: An attack on one is an attack on all. The civilized world is rallying to America's side. They understand that if this terror goes unpunished, their own cities, their own citizens may be next. Terror, unanswered, can not only bring down buildings, it can threaten the stability of legitimate governments. And you know what -- we're not going to allow it. (Applause.) Americans are asking: What is expected of us? I ask you to live your lives, and hug your children. I know many citizens have fears tonight, and I ask you to be calm and resolute, even in the face of a continuing threat. I ask you to uphold the values of America, and remember why so many have come here. We are in a fight for our principles, and our first responsibility is to live by them. No one should be singled out for unfair treatment or unkind words because of their ethnic background or religious faith. (Applause.) I ask you to continue to support the victims of this tragedy with your contributions. Those who want to give can go to a central source of information, libertyunites.org, to find the names of groups providing direct help in New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. The thousands of FBI agents who are now at work in this investigation may need your cooperation, and I ask you to give it. I ask for your patience, with the delays and inconveniences that may accompany tighter security; and for your patience in what will be a long struggle. I ask your continued participation and confidence in the American economy. Terrorists attacked a symbol of American prosperity. They did not touch its source. America is successful because of the hard work, and creativity, and enterprise of our people. These were the true strengths of our economy before September 11th, and they are our strengths today. (Applause.) And, finally, please continue praying for the victims of terror and their families, for those in uniform, and for our great country. Prayer has comforted us in sorrow, and will help strengthen us for the journey ahead. Tonight I thank my fellow Americans for what you have already done and for what you will do. And ladies and gentlemen of the Congress, I thank you, their representatives, for what you have already done and for what we will do together. Tonight, we face new and sudden national challenges. We will come together to improve air safety, to dramatically expand the number of air marshals on domestic flights, and take new measures to prevent hijacking. We will come together to promote stability and keep our airlines flying, with direct assistance during this emergency. (Applause.) We will come together to give law enforcement the additional tools it needs to track down terror here at home. (Applause.) We will come together to strengthen our intelligence capabilities to know the plans of terrorists before they act, and find them before they strike. (Applause.) We will come together to take active steps that strengthen America's economy, and put our people back to work. Tonight we welcome two leaders who embody the extraordinary spirit of all New Yorkers: Governor George Pataki, and Mayor Rudolph Giuliani. (Applause.) As a symbol of America's resolve, my administration will work with Congress, and these two leaders, to show the world that we will rebuild New York City. (Applause.) After all that has just passed -- all the lives taken, and all the possibilities and hopes that died with them -- it is natural to wonder if America's future is one of fear. Some speak of an age of terror. I know there are struggles ahead, and dangers to face. But this country will define our times, not be defined by them. As long as the United States of America is determined and strong, this will not be an age of terror; this will be an age of liberty, here and across the world. (Applause.) Great harm has been done to us. We have suffered great loss. And in our grief and anger we have found our mission and our moment. Freedom and fear are at war. The advance of human freedom -- the great achievement of our time, and the great hope of every time -- now depends on us. Our nation -- this generation -- will lift a dark threat of violence from our people and our future. We will rally the world to this cause by our efforts, by our courage. We will not tire, we will not falter, and we will not fail. (Applause.) It is my hope that in the months and years ahead, life will return almost to normal. We'll go back to our lives and routines, and that is good. Even grief recedes with time and grace. But our resolve must not pass. Each of us will remember what happened that day, and to whom it happened. We'll remember the moment the news came -- where we were and what we were doing. Some will remember an image of a fire, or a story of rescue. Some will carry memories of a face and a voice gone forever. And I will carry this: It is the police shield of a man named George Howard, who died at the World Trade Center trying to save others. It was given to me by his mom, Arlene, as a proud memorial to her son. This is my reminder of lives that ended, and a task that does not end. (Applause.) I will not forget this wound to our country or those who inflicted it. I will not yield; I will not rest; I will not relent in waging this struggle for freedom and security for the American people. The course of this conflict is not known, yet its outcome is certain. Freedom and fear, justice and cruelty, have always been at war, and we know that God is not neutral between them. (Applause.) Fellow citizens, we'll meet violence with patient justice -- assured of the rightness of our cause, and confident of the victories to come. In all that lies before us, may God grant us wisdom, and may He watch over the United States of America. Thank you. (Applause.) END          9:21 P.M. EDT

For Immediate Release
Office of the Press Secretary
October 11, 2001

President Holds Prime Time News Conference The East Room      View the President's Remarks      Listen to the President's Remarks State of war against terror Diplomatic front Law enforcement front Office of Homeland Security Mutual respect among all Americans Blanket alert by Justice Department U.S. response to crop duster threat Need for Americans to resume business Airplane loads, hotel occupancy Intelligence sharing, domestically and internationally U.S. government on full alert Lessons learned in Vietnam Apprehension of al Qaeda members Use of conventional forces Timeframe Benchmarks of success in war on terrorism Wars of other generations Widening the war beyond Afghanistan Iraq The Middle East State of bin Laden, al Qaeda network Adjustments within FBI al Qaeda's mobility Vice President Cheney at secure location Support from certain nations Syria Performance-oriented view Nation-Building Second chance for Taliban U.S.'s increased aid for Afghanistan Role of United Nations Sacrifices from the American people President's response to hatred for America Support from Muslim world, Arab world ABM Treaty Vigilance Among Americans America's Fund for Afghan Children 8:00 P.M. EDT      THE PRESIDENT:  Good evening.  Thank you.  Good evening.  I would like to report to the American people on the state of our war against terror, and then I'll be happy to take questions from the White House press corps.      One month ago today, innocent citizens from more than 80 nations were attacked and killed, without warning or provocation, in an act that horrified not only every American, but every person of every faith, and every nation that values human life.      The attack took place on American soil, but it was an attack on the heart and soul of the civilized world.  And the world has come together to fight a new and different war, the first, and we hope the only one, of the 21st century.  A war against all those who seek to export terror, and a war against those governments that support or shelter them.      We've accomplished a great deal in one month.  Our staunch friends, Great Britain, our neighbors Canada and Mexico, our NATO allies, our allies in Asia, Russia and nations from every continent on the Earth have offered help of one kind or another -- from military assistance to intelligence information, to crack down on terrorists' financial networks.  This week, 56 Islamic nations issued a statement strongly condemning the savage acts of terror, and emphasizing that those acts contradict the peaceful teachings of Islam.      All is strong and united on the diplomatic front.  The men and women of the United States military are doing their duty with skill and success. We have ruined terrorist training camps, disrupted their communications, weakened the Taliban military, and destroyed most of their air defenses.      We're mounting a sustained campaign to drive the terrorists out of their hidden caves and to bring them to justice.  All missions are being executed according to plan on the military front.  At the same time, we are showing the compassion of America by delivering food and medicine to the Afghan people who are, themselves, the victims of a repressive regime.      On the law enforcement front, terrorists are being swept up in an international dragnet.  Several hundred have been arrested.  Thousands of FBI agents are on the trail of other suspects here and abroad.  Working with countries around the world, we have frozen more than $24 million in al Qaeda or Taliban assets.      We are aggressively pursuing the agents of terror around the world, and we are aggressively strengthening our protections here at home.  This week we established America's new Office of Homeland Security, directed by former Governor Tom Ridge.  Americans tonight can know that while the threat is ongoing, we are taking every possible step to protect our country from danger.      Your government is doing everything we can to recover from these attacks, and to try to prevent others.  We're acting to make planes and airports safer, rebuild New York and the Pentagon.  We must act to stimulate a slow economy, to help laid-off workers.  And we must fund our military.      This is a time of testing -- this time of testing has revealed the true character of the American people.  We're angry at the evil that was done to us, yet patient and just in our response.      Before September 11th, my administration was planning an initiative called Communities of Character.  It was designed to help parents develop good character in our children, and to strengthen a spirit of citizenship and service in our communities.  The acts of September 11th have prompted that initiative to occur on its own, in ways far greater than I could have ever imagined.  We've shown great love for our country, and great tolerance and respect for all our countrymen.      I was struck by this:  that in many cities, when Christian and Jewish women learn that Muslim women -- women of cover -- were afraid of going out of their homes alone, that they went shopping with them, that they showed true friendship and support -- an act that shows the world the true nature of America.      Our war on terrorism has nothing to do with differences in faith.  It has everything to do with people of all faiths coming together to condemn hate and evil and murder and prejudice.      One month after great suffering and sorrow, America is strong and determined and generous.  I'm honored to lead such a country, and I know we are ready for the challenges ahead.      And, now, I welcome your questions.      Ron.      Q    Thank you, sir.  You said that the threat is ongoing, and, indeed, the deadly virus of anthrax was found in three Florida people this week.  Osama bin Laden's spokesman says storms of planes are yet to be hijacked.  Your FBI warned just today that terrorist attacks could be happening again in the next couple of days.      If the FBI knows of a credible threat, can you assure the public that you would take the precaution of locking down any system involved, whether it's buildings, airports, water systems, to prevent more deaths?  And, most importantly, is there anything you can say to Americans who feel helpless to protect themselves and their families from the next wave of attacks, if there are more to come?  What can people do to protect themselves?      THE PRESIDENT:  Sure.  Today, the Justice Department did issue a blanket alert.  It was in recognition of a general threat we received. This is not the first time the Justice Department have acted like this.  I hope it's the last.  But, given the attitude of the evildoers, it may not be.      I have urged our fellow Americans to go about their lives, to fly on airplanes, to travel, to go to work.  But I also want to encourage them by telling them that our government is on full alert.  And that -- the alert put out today from the Justice Department was such an action.      Now, if we receive specific intelligence, where we -- a credible threat that targets a specific building or city or facility, I can assure you our government will do everything possible to protect the citizens around and in, or near that facility.      And let me give you one example of a specific threat we received.  You may remember recently there was a lot of discussion about crop dusters.  We received knowledge that perhaps an al Qaeda operative was prepared to use a crop duster to spray a biological weapon or a chemical weapon on American people.  And so we responded.  We contacted every crop-dust location, airports from which crop dusters leave, we notified crop duster manufactures to a potential threat.  We knew full well that in order for a crop duster to become a weapon of mass destruction would require a retrofitting, and so we talked to machine shops around where crop dusters are located.  We took strong and appropriate action.  And we will do so any time we receive a credible threat.      Now, the American people have got to go about their business.  We cannot let the terrorists achieve the objective of frightening our nation to the point where we don't -- where we don't conduct business, where people don't shop.  That's their intention.  Their intention was not only to kill and maim and destroy.  Their intention was to frighten to the point where our nation would not act.  Their intention was to so frighten our government that we wouldn't seek justice; that somehow we would cower in the face of their threats and not respond, abroad or at home.      We're both responding abroad and at home.  The American people, obviously, if they see something that is suspicious, something out of the norm that looks suspicious, they ought to notify local law authorities. But in the meantime, they ought to take comfort in knowing our government is doing everything we possibly can.      We've got a Homeland Security Office now running, as I mentioned, headed by Tom Ridge.  We're sharing intelligence with our friends in countries from overseas.  We follow every lead.  And information-sharing between the CIA and the FBI is seamless, so that the reaction to any threat is real-time.  And -- but the truth of the matter is, in order to fully defend America, we must defeat the evildoers where they hide.  We must round them up, and we must bring them to justice.  And that's exactly what we're doing in Afghanistan -- the first battle in the war of the 21st century.      Steve.      Q    Thank you.  You've been careful to avoid saying how long the military strikes in Afghanistan might take place.  But can you promise to say how long American -- can you avoid being drawn into a Vietnam-like quagmire in Afghanistan?      THE PRESIDENT:  We learned some very important lessons in Vietnam. Perhaps the most important lesson that I learned is that you cannot fight a guerrilla war with conventional forces.  That's why I've explained to the American people that we're engaged in a different type of war; one obviously that will use conventional forces, but one in which we've got to fight on all fronts.      I remember saying to you all that the first shot in the war was when we started cutting off their money, because an al Qaeda organization can't function without money.  And we're continuing our efforts to reach out to willing nations to disrupt and seize assets of the al Qaeda organization.      We are in the process of rounding up al Qaeda members around the world.  There are al Qaeda organizations in, roughly, 68 countries.  And over 200 have now been apprehended.  And every time I talk to a world leader, I urge them to continue finding the al Qaeda representatives and bring them to justice.      As far as the use of conventional forces, we've got a clear plan, and it's to say to the host government that you have been given your -- and by the way, I gave them ample opportunity to turn over al Qaeda.  I made it very clear to them, in no uncertain terms, that in order to avoid punishment, they should turn over the parasites that hide in their country. They obviously refused to do so.  And now they're paying a price.  We are dismantling their military, disrupting their communications, severing their ability to defend themselves.  And slowly, but surely, we're smoking al Qaeda out of their caves so we can bring them to justice.      People often ask me, how long will this last?  This particular battlefront will last as long as it takes to bring al Qaeda to justice.  It may happen tomorrow; it may happen a month from now; it may take a year or two.  But we will prevail.  And what the American people need to know is what our allies know:  I am determined to stay the course.  And we must do so.  We must do so.  We must rid the world of terrorists so our children and grandchildren can grow up in freedom.  It is essential.  It is now our time to act.  And I'm proud to lead a country that understands that.      Q    Mr. President, today, Defense Secretary Rumsfeld said that Osama bin Laden was probably still in Afghanistan.  How can the U.S. get him, dead or alive -- to use words that you've used recently -- if we're not entirely sure whether he's in the country?  And can we win the war on terrorism if bin Laden is not found?      THE PRESIDENT:  Ours is a war against terrorism in general.  Mr. bin Laden is a -- is one of the worst.  But as you may remember, we published the 22 Most Wanted; he's one of 22 we're after.  In terms of Mr. bin Laden himself, we'll get him running.  We'll smoke him out of his cave, and we'll get him eventually.      But success or failure depends not on bin Laden; success or failure depends upon routing out terrorism where it may exist all around the world. He's just one person, a part of a network.  And we're slowly, but surely, with determined fashion, routing that network out and bringing it to justice.      We've been active for a month.  I intend to be giving you a briefing for as long as I'm the President.  I understand this is a unconventional war.  It's a different kind of war.  It's not the kind of war that we're used to in America.  The Greatest Generation was used to storming beachheads.  Baby boomers such as myself, were used to getting caught in a quagmire of Vietnam where politics made decisions more than the military sometimes.  Generation X was able to watch technology right in front of their TV screens -- you know, burrow into concrete bunkers in Iraq and blow them up.  This is a different kind of war that requires a different type of approach and a different type of mentality.      And so we're going to slowly, but surely, tighten the net on terrorists, wherever they live.  And it's essential to do so now.  It's essential to do so now.  The actions my government takes, in concert with other countries, the actions we take at home to defend ourselves will serve as a go-by for future presidents, or future prime ministers in Britain, for example, or future FBI directors.  It is important that we stay the course, bring these people to justice, to show -- and show others how to fight the new wars of the 21st century.      Helen.      Q    Mr. President, on that note, we understand you have advisors who are urging you to go after Iraq, take out Iraq, Syria and so forth.  Do you really think that the American people will tolerate you widening the war beyond Afghanistan?  And I have a follow-up.  (Laughter.)      THE PRESIDENT:  Thank you for warning me.  (Laughter.)      Our focus is on Afghanistan, and the terrorist network hiding in Afghanistan, right now.  But, as well, we're looking for al Qaeda cells around the world.  If we find an al Qaeda cell operating, we will urge the host country to bring them to justice.  And we're having some progress, we're making progress.      We -- as I mentioned, Helen, this is a long war against terrorist activity.  And the doctrine I spelled out to the American people in front of Congress said not only will we seek out and bring to justice individual terrorists who cause harm to people, to murder people, we will also bring to justice the host governments that sponsor them, that house them and feed them.      You mentioned Iraq.  There's no question that the leader of Iraq is an evil man.  After all, he gassed his own people.  We know he's been developing weapons of mass destruction.  And I think it's in his advantage to allow inspectors back in his country to make sure that he's conforming to the agreement he made, after he was soundly trounced in the Gulf War. And so we're watching him very carefully.  We're watching him carefully.      Your follow-up, please.      Q    It's a little offbeat, but -- (laughter.)      THE PRESIDENT:  Okay.  Well, I expect an offbeat question, frankly.      Q    -- you've met twice in the White House since you've been in office with Prime Minister Sharon.  But you have refused to meet with Yasser Arafat.  Now that you envision a Palestinian state, will you meet with Arafat and, if so, when?      THE PRESIDENT:  I want to assure the American people, in particular our allies who are interested in our position in the Middle East, that we're spending a lot of time dealing with the Middle East.  I know there was some concern amongst our allies when the September 11th -- right after the September 11th attack, that we would forego any responsibility we have in the Middle East.  Secretary of State Powell is doing a great job of staying in contact with both Mr. Arafat and Prime Minister Sharon.      I have met with Prime Minister Sharon, and I've assured him every time we've met that he has no better friend than the United States of America. I also stated the other day that if we ever get into the Mitchell process where we can start discussing a political solution in the Middle East, that I believe there ought to be a Palestinian state, the boundaries of which will be negotiated by the parties, so long as the Palestinian state recognizes the right of Israel to exist and will treat Israel with respect, and will be peaceful on her borders.      Obviously, the events of September 11th have prevented overt diplomacy in the Middle East -- not prevented it, it just made it -- my calendar is a little crowded.  On the other hand, I am very much engaged.  I have spoken to Prime Minister Sharon again.  And if I am convinced that a meeting with a particular party at this point in time will further the process, I will do so.  If it turns out to be an empty photo opportunity that creates expectations that will become dashed, I won't meet.      I hope progress is being made.  I was pleased to see that Mr. Arafat is trying to control the radical elements within the Palestinian Authority. And I think the world ought to applaud him for that.  I hope he's taking measures necessary to reduce the violence in the Middle East, so that we can get into the Mitchell process.      We're working hard on the topic, Helen.  It's a very important part of our foreign policy.      David.      Q    Mr. President, good evening.  I'd like to ask you for a more complete portrait of your progress so far.  Can you tell the American people, specifically, what is the state of Osama bin Laden?  What is the state of the al Qaeda network?  Are they on the run?  To what extent have you been able to disrupt their activities?  Do you believe there are members of those cells still in the United States capable of carrying out terrorist acts?  And, again, do you know whether Osama bin Laden is dead or alive?      THE PRESIDENT:  Let me start backwards.  I don't know if he's dead or alive.  I want him brought to justice, however.  We are following every possible lead to make sure that any al Qaeda member that could be in the United States is brought to justice.  The FBI has got thousands of agents who are following every hint of a possibility of an al Qaeda in our country.  We're chasing down the leads of -- that have been given to us as a result of the bombing.  And we're following other leads.      Let me say one thing about the FBI that I think people find interesting.  All of us in government are having to adjust our way of thinking about the new war.  The military is going to have to adjust.  They recognize -- and Secretary Rumsfeld clearly understands this -- that we need to have a -- that we need to rethink how we configure our military -- there's been some stories to that effect -- so that we can more effectively respond to assymetrical responses from terrorist organizations.  The FBI must think differently, and Director Mueller is causing them to do so.      The FBI, as you know, spent a lot of manpower and time chasing -- spies in a post-Cold War era.  They were still chasing spies.  Nothing wrong with that, except we have a new enemy.  And now, the FBI is rightly directing resources toward homeland security.  It's been an adjustment. And I'm proud to report that Director Mueller has adjusted quickly.      I am confident that the al Qaeda organization is moving around Afghanistan.  They think they might find safe haven.  Not if we think they're there.  And we've got them on the run.      The other day, we brought to justice a person that killed an American citizen in 1986.  He was charged with murder.  And I made a point of talking about that in a press conference because I wanted not only terrorists to understand, but the American people understand that we'll be patient, if need be, to bring them to justice.  We'll find them.      And he thought this -- this is an interesting case in Afghanistan because it's -- he thought he had hijacked a country.  He actually did for a while.  He forced a country to accept his radical thoughts.  And it became a safe haven for bin Laden and the al Qaeda organization.  It's no longer a safe haven, that's for sure, because our military activity, David.      Yes, Elizabeth.      Q    Mr. President, you've tried very hard to assure Americans that the country is safe, and yet your own Vice President has spent most of this week in a secure location.  Can you explain why that is, and also how long that will last?      THE PRESIDENT:  Sure.  I shook hands with the Vice President today in the Oval Office.  I welcomed him out of his secure location.  (Laughter.) There are some times when the Vice President and I will be together, and sometimes we won't be.  We take very seriously the notion of the continuity of government.  It's a responsibility we share, to make sure that under situations such as this, when there are possible threats facing our government, that we separate ourselves, for the sake of continuity of our government.  And I was pleased to see him.  He's looking swell. (Laughter.)      Jim.      Q    Thank you, Mr. President.  Sir, some critics have expressed doubts about trying to get nations that once sponsored terrorism to now cooperate in the effort against terrorism.  Would you share your thinking with us, sir, and is it your view that every sinner should get a chance to redeem himself -- that there is, in effect, an amnesty for nations that once sponsored terrorism if they will now stop and cooperate with us?      THE PRESIDENT:  Of course.  But our ability to affect host nations harboring terrorists will depend upon our determination, our will, our patience.  We are sending a signal to the world as we speak that if you harbor a terrorist, there will be a price to pay.      And there are nations in the world that have expressed a desire to help.  Helen mentioned Syria.  The Syrians have talked to us about how they can help in the war against terrorism.  We take that -- we take that seriously and we'll give them an opportunity to do so.      I'm a performance-oriented person, I believe in results.  And if you want to join the coalition against terror, we'll welcome you in.  I have recognized some countries will do things that others won't do.  All I ask is for results.  If you say you want to join us to cut off money, show us the money.  If you say you want to join us militarily, like Great Britain does, do so -- and they have done so in a fashion that should make the people of Great Britain proud.  If you're interested in sharing intelligence, share intelligence -- all ways.      I appreciate diplomatic talk, but I'm more interested in action and results.  I am absolutely determined -- absolutely determined -- to rout terrorism out where it exists and bring them to justice.  We learned a good lesson on September the 11th,  that there is evil in this world.  I know there's a lot of children in America wondering what took place.  I think it's essential that all moms and dads and citizens tell their children we love them and there is love in the world, but also remind them there are evil people.      And it's my duty as the President of the United States to use the resources of this great nation, a freedom-loving nation, a compassionate nation, a nation that understands values of life, and rout terrorism out where it exists.  And we're going to give plenty of nations a chance to do so.      Terry.      Q    Back to the FBI warning of today, which was based, it said, on certain information that there would be retaliatory attacks over the next several days.  Given the complete generality of that warning, what does it really accomplish, aside from scaring people into not doing what you've urged them to do -- getting back to their normal lives -- what should they do with it, and did you personally approve the issuance of that warning?      THE PRESIDENT:  I'm aware of the intelligence that caused the warning to be issued, and it was a general threat on America.  And as I mentioned earlier, had it been a specific threat, we would have contacted those to whom the threat was directed.      But, Terry, I think it is important for the American people to know their government is on full alert.  And that's what that warning showed. We take every threat seriously.  And the American people shouldn't be surprised that we're issuing alerts.  After all, on our TV screens the other day, we saw the evil one threatening -- calling for more destruction and death in America. And so we should take these threats seriously.  And we had another threat, a general threat.  Had it been specific, we would have dealt with the specifics of the threat.      I think the American people should take comfort in the fact that their government is doing everything we possibly can do to run down every possible lead, and take threats -- and we take threats seriously.      I think the American people do understand that after September 11th, that we're facing a different world.  And they accept that responsibility. They accept that responsibility.  There is, I think, some positive news about the American people reacting to what we're doing.  The load factors on airplanes are increasing.  Now, I recognize certain routes have been reduced, but nevertheless, people are getting back on airplanes.  That's important that that be the case.  Hotels are getting more customers. That's important for the working people of the country.      We are getting back to normal.  We're doing so with a new sense of awareness.  And the warning that went out today helped heighten that sense of awareness.      John.      Q    Mr. President, you've said on repeated occasions that you're not into nation-building.  Yet, it appears in this case, given the politics of the region, it may play a crucial role in resolving this crisis.  Prime Minister Blair of Britain has said that the coalition, if the Taliban falls, will work to create a broadly-based government.  I'm wondering, sir, has that become a priority of your administration now, to devise a plan for a new government in Afghanistan?  And what part might King Zaher Shah play in that?      THE PRESIDENT:  Well, I think it's -- John, it's a -- first let me reiterate, my focus is bringing al Qaeda to justice and saying to the host government, you had your chance to deliver.  Actually, I will say it again -- if you cough him up, and his people, today, that we'll reconsider what we're doing to your country.  You still have a second chance.  Bring him in.  And bring his leaders and lieutenants and other thugs and criminals with him.      I think we did learn a lesson, however, from -- and should learn a lesson -- from the previous engagement in the Afghan area, that we should not just simply leave after a military objective has been achieved.  That's why -- and I sent that signal by announcing that we're going to spend $320 million of aid to the Afghan people.  That's up from roughly $170 million this year.      I personally think that a -- and I appreciate Tony Blair's -- and I've discussed this with him -- his vision about Afghan after we're successful -- Afghanistan after we're successful.  One of the things we've got to make sure of is that all parties, all interested parties have an opportunity to be a part of a new government; that we shouldn't play favorites between one group or another within Afghanistan.      Secondly, we've got to work for a stable Afghanistan so that her neighbors don't fear terrorist activity again coming out of that country. Third, it would be helpful, of course, to eradicate narco-trafficking out of Afghanistan, as well.      I believe that the United Nations would -- could provide the framework necessary to help meet those conditions.  It would be a useful function for the United Nations to take over the so-called "nation-building," -- I would call it the stabilization of a future government -- after our military mission is complete.  We'll participate; other countries will participate. I've talked to many countries will participate.  I've talked to many countries that are interested in making sure that the post-operations Afghanistan is one that is stable, and one that doesn't become yet again a haven for terrorist criminals.      Ken.      Q    Mr. President, I'm sure many Americans are wondering where all this will lead.  And you've called upon the country to go back to business and to go back to normal.  But you haven't called for any sacrifices from the American people.  And I wonder, do you feel that any will be needed? Are you planning to call for any?  And do you think that American life will really go back to the way it was on September 10th?      THE PRESIDENT:  Well, you know, I think the American people are sacrificing now.  I think they're waiting in airport lines longer than they've ever had before.  I think that -- I think there's a certain sacrifice when you lose a piece of your soul.  And Americans -- I was standing up there at the Pentagon today, and I saw the tears of the families whose lives were lost in the Pentagon.  And I said in my talk there that America prays with you.  I think there's a sacrifice, there's a certain sense of giving themselves to share their grief with people they'll never, maybe, ever see in their lives.      So America is sacrificing.  America -- I think the interesting thing that has happened, and this is so sad an incident, but there are some positive things developed -- that are developing.  One is, I believe that many people are reassessing what's important in life.  Moms and dads are not only reassessing their marriage and the importance of their marriage, but of the necessity of loving their children like never before.  I think that's one of the positives that have come from the evildoers.      The evil ones have sparked an interesting change in America, I think -- a compassion in our country that is overflowing.  I know their intended act was to destroy us and make us cowards and make us not want to respond. But quite the opposite has happened -- our nation is united, we are strong, we're compassionate; neighbors care about neighbors.      The story I talked about earlier was one that really touched my heart, about women of cover fearing to leave their homes.  And there was such an outpouring of compassion for people within our own country, a recognition that the Islamic faith should stand side by side, hand to hand with the Jewish faith and the Christian faith in our great land.  It is such a wonderful example.      You know, I'm asked all the time -- I'll ask myself a question. (Laughter.)  How do I respond to -- it's an old trick -- (laughter) -- how do I respond when I see that in some Islamic countries there is vitriolic hatred for America?  I'll tell you how I respond:  I'm amazed.  I'm amazed that there is such misunderstanding of what our country is about, that people would hate us.  I am, I am -- like most Americans, I just can't believe it.  Because I know how good we are, and we've go to do a better job of making our case.  We've got to do a better job of explaining to the people in the Middle East, for example, that we don't fight a war against Islam or Muslims.  We don't hold any religion accountable.  We're fighting evil.  And these murderers have hijacked a great religion in order to justify their evil deeds.  And we cannot let it stand.      John.      Q    Mr. President, you have spoken with great pride of this international coalition.  I want to ask you, before the events of September 11th, one of the big questions you faced this fall was, would you violate the Antiballistic Missile Treaty and go ahead with the missile defense plan if Russia did not strike a deal?  Will you do that now because Russia's cooperation is so important?  And, separately, but related, are you disappointed that while there have been some statements of support from the Muslim world and the Arab world, that there have not been more vocal and repeated statements agreeing with you that this is a war against terrorism, not Islam?      THE PRESIDENT:  John, let me start with the latter part.  I was heartened by the Organization of Islamic Conference's statement of support for our war against terror.  I think that that statement spoke volumes about the attitude of Muslim nations, and I was pleased to see that support.      Some coalition members will feel more comfortable doing certain things than other coalition members will.  And my attitude is, and the attitude of my administration is, we'll accept any help that a government is comfortable in giving.  And we should not try to force governments to do something that they can't do.  Any help is better than no help.      And so, I am so appreciative of the help we're getting in the Middle East.  Somebody asked me the other day, was I pleased with the actions of Saudi Arabia.  I am.  I appreciate the actions of that government.      In terms of missile defense, I can't wait to visit with my friend, Vladimir Putin, in Shanghai, to reiterate once again that the Cold War is over, it's done with, and that there are new threats that we face; and no better example of that new threat than the attack on America on September 11th.      And I'm going to ask my friend to envision a world in which a terrorist thug and/or a host nation might have the ability to develop -- to deliver a weapon of mass destruction via a -- via rocket.  And wouldn't it be in our nation's advantage to be able to shoot it down?  At the very least, it should be in our nation's advantage to determine whether we can shoot it down.  And we're restricted from doing that because of an ABM Treaty that was signed during a totally different era.      The case cannot be even -- the case is more strong today than it was on September 10th that the ABM is outmoded, outdated, reflects a different time.  And I'm more than -- I am more than anxious to continue making my case to them.  And we will do what's right in regards --      Q    -- not agree, would you withdraw this year?      THE PRESIDENT:  Excuse me, I have trouble hearing John.      Q    If he does not agree with you, would you withdraw from the ABM Treaty this year?      THE PRESIDENT:  I have told Mr. Putin that the ABM Treaty is outdated, antiquated and useless.  And I hope that he will join us in a new strategic relationship.      One more question, please.      Q    You talk about the general threat toward Americans.  You know, the Internet is crowded with all sorts of rumor and gossip and, kind of, urban myths.  And people ask, what is it they're supposed to be on the lookout for?  Other than the 22 most wanted terrorists, what are Americans supposed to look for and report to the police or to the FBI?      THE PRESIDENT:  Well, Ann, you know, if you find a person that you've never seen before getting in a crop duster that doesn't belong to you -- (laughter) -- report it.  (Laughter.)  If you see suspicious people lurking around petrochemical plants, report it to law enforcement.      I mean, people need to be logical.  Now, listen, I want to urge my fellow Americans not to use this as an opportunity to pick on somebody that doesn't look like you, or doesn't share your religion.  The thing that makes our nation so strong and that will ultimately defeat terrorist activity is our willingness to tolerate people of different faiths, different opinions, different colors within the fabric of our society.      And so I would urge my fellow Americans, obviously, if they see something suspicious, abnormal, something that looks threatening, report it to local law enforcement.      Let me conclude by one final statement.  Thank you all for coming. Before we leave, I want to make a special request to the children of America.  I ask you to join in a special effort to help the children of Afghanistan.  Their country has been through a great deal of war and suffering.  Many children there are starving and are severely malnourished. One in three Afghan children is an orphan.  Almost half suffer chronic malnutrition.  And we can, and must, help them.      We've created a special relief effort that will be supervised by the Red Cross.  We are asking every child in America to earn or give a dollar that will be used to provide food and medical help for the children of Afghanistan.  You can send your dollar in an envelope, marked "America's Fund for Afghan Children," right here to the White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D.C.      This is an opportunity to help others, while teaching our own children a valuable lesson about service and character.  I hope school classes or Boys and Girl Scout troops, other youth organizations will participate in any way to raise the money to send to the children.  Wash your car.  Do a yard for a neighbor.  And I hope the adults will help them, as well.      Ultimately, one of the best weapons, one of the truest weapons that we have against terrorism is to show the world the true strength of character and kindness of the American people.  Americans are united in this fight against terrorism.  We're also united in our concern for the innocent people of Afghanistan. Winter is coming, and by acting today we can help the children survive.      Thank you for your questions.  May God bless America.                              END          8:44 P.M. EDT